Claytronics

"Claytronics" is an emerging field of engineering concerning reconfigurable nanoscale robots ('claytronic atoms', or catoms) designed to form much larger scale machines or mechanisms. Also known as "programmable matter", the catoms will be sub-millimeter computers that will eventually have the ability to move around, communicate with other computers, change color, and electrostatically connect to other catoms to form different shapes. The forms made up of catoms could morph into nearly any object, even replicas of human beings for virtual meetings.

Claytronics technology is currently being researched by Professor Seth Goldstein and Professor Todd C. Mowry at Carnegie Mellon University, which is where the term was coined. According to Carnegie Mellon's Synthetic Reality Project personnel, claytronics are described as "An ensemble of material that contains sufficient local computation, actuation, storage, energy, sensing, and communication" which can be programmed to form interesting dynamic shapes and configurations.

Properties of Claytronics Atoms (Catoms):
• real, physical objects; analogous to “physical voxels”
• include processing, networking, energy storage, etc.
• also include a means of actuation (locomotion and adhesion)
– move in 3D relative to other catoms, using magnetic or electrostatic forces
– communicate & coordinate with other catoms to control their motion
– a catom itself contains no moving parts (“ensemble principle”)
• outer surface of each catom is a video display
– renders visual details at a higher resolution than physical catom size

for more information about its application refer the link beow:

http://www.mj.gov.pt/sections/o-ministerio/instituto-das/anexos/todd-c-mowry/downloadFile/file/tcm-ejustice07.pdf